Mcq questions and answers on data communication and computer networks protocols or multiple choice questions with answers on data communication and networks from chapter data link layer. Eytan modiano 2 automatic repeat request arq when the receiver detects errors in a packet, how does it let. The datalink layer packages the higherlayer data into frames, so that the data can be put onto the physical wire. The data link layer ensures that all packets of information are passed on free of errors. Here are the basic functionalities of the data link layer. Dll protocol layer transfers data between nodes on the same local area network segment or between adjacent network nodes in a wide area network. Data link layer protocols transmission control protocol. This packaging process is referred to as framing or encapsulation. Different types of data link layer dll protocols with their. The actual protocols encompassed in the link layer are numerous, and the implementation details can be found in various documents throughout the internet and in trade texts.
Internet router architecture 8 router 3layer physical, datalink, network device, with 3 key functions. A space link is a communications link between a spacecraft and its associated ground system or between two spacecraft. Data link layer is the protocol layer which transfers data between connected networks. Data link layer is the second layer in osi reference model and lies above the physical layer. Data link layer, part 5 sliding window protocols these slides are created by dr. Data link layer protocols specified in references, which have been developed to transfer space application data over spacetoground, groundtospace, or spacetospace communications links. Pdf data link layer design for wireless sensor networks. Hdlc stands for highlevel data link control protocol. Constituting layer 2 of the international standards organization iso reference model, these procedure and the services that they offer, are directed at assuring successful and reliable transfer of information over pointtopoint or multipoint data links. Layer they allow interoperability among unrelated sw. Almost all linklayer protocols encapsulate each networklayer datagram within a link layer frame before transmission onto the link. The data link layer is responsible for organizing data in frames and for detecting errors that occur in a frame. This chapter examines the structure of a frame, the data link layer flow control schemes, and two of the protocols defined for this layer, namely the high.
Datalink layer protocols that are reliant on a specific physical layer may be limited to the transmission medium involved, but, in some cases e. The logical link control llc is an interface to the media access control mac layer. This layer is the protocol layer that transfers data between adjacent network nodes in a wide area network wan or between nodes on the same local area network lan segment. The datalink and physical layer is where network abstractions are implemented. The datalink layer offers transmission service to the network layer. Nonetheless, the iso reference model suggests that the data link layer provide such a service, and we now examine the protocols that provide such a service. It is the data link layer that will convert the data into binary digits such as 1 and 0 and then prepare them for the physical layer. The data link control layerprotocol provides an envelope for the. Data link layer protocols free download as powerpoint presentation. Data link protocols data link protocols are sets of rule and regulations used to implement data link layer.
Examples of linklayer protocols include ethernet, token ring, fddi, and ppp. Space data link protocolssummary of concept and rationale. The data link layer provides data reliability and provides tools to establish, maintain, and release data link connections among the network nodes. The data link layer provides the functional and procedural means to transfer data between. To intermediate the communication between the media and the cpu, the datalink layer is divided into two sublayers.
Common datalink layer technologies include following. When a data frame layer2 data is sent from one host to another over a single medium, it is required that the sender and receiver should work at the same speed. The endtoend argument becomes clear at the datalink layer. Data link protocols can be broadly divided into two categories, depending on whether the transmission channel is noiseless or noisy. For example, the datagram is handled by ethernet on the first link, ppp on the second link.
The network layer is interested in getting messages to the corresponding network layer module on an adjacent machine. The main task of the data link layer is to transform a raw transmission facility into a line that appears free of undetected transmission errors to the network layer. The data link control layerprotocol provides an envelope for the transmission of message blocks over a communication channel. The encapsulation type will vary depending on the underlying technology. An important characteristic of a data link layer is that datagram can be handled by different link layer protocols on different links in a path. A packet from the network layer is extended in the. Services and protocols of the data link layer ieee journals. Computer networking and management lesson 5 the data link layer. Control information can be inserted as bits depending on the information to be contained in the frame bitoriented protocol can pack more information into shorter frames. The data link layer is concerned with local delivery of frames between nodes on the same level of the network. In this protocol, the contents of the acknowledgement frame are. Data link layer protocol tutorial with example tutorialwing. Like the two other wan protocols mentioned in this article, hdlc is a layer 2 protocol see osi model for.
Attacks at the data link layer abstract intrusion detection systems usually operate at layer 3 or above on the tcpip stack because layer 2 protocols in local area networks are trusted. Services and protocols of the data link layer ieee. Computer networking and management lesson 5 the data. Motivation look at successive data link protocols of increasing complexity to provide realiable, in order message delivery to the network layer. Data link layer silvia giordano ica, epfl the data link layeris responsible for transferring a datagram across an individual link. Layers 1,2 and 3 physical, data link and network are the network support layers. The data link layer provides service to the network layer above it. Ethernet, token ring, and frame relay are all examples of data link layer or layer 2 protocols. The data link layer is layer 2 in the seven layer osi model of computer networking.
The header in this layer provides the source and destination mac addresses. The data link layer is concerned with local delivery of frames between devices on the same lan. That is, sender sends at a speed on which the receiver can process and accept the data. Data link frames, as these protocol data units are called, do not cross the boundaries of a local area network. Attacks at the data link layer university of california. It accomplishes this task by having the sender break up the input data into data frames typically a few hundred or few thousand bytes and transmit the frames sequentially. In ethernet and wifi networks, the data link layer is split into two sublayers.
Communication at the data link layer protocol is nodetonode. Linkchannel complexity causes the logicallink and mediaaccess control sublayers split. These quiz objective questions are helpful for examinations nielit, bca, b. At the top, we have the logical link control llc layer, which is the one communicating with the cpu, while at the bottom we have the media access control mac layer, the one putting signals on the cable and reading them from it. Pdf implementation of data link control protocols in wired.
We learn that the basic service of the data link layer is to move a networklayer datagram from one node host or router to an adjacent node. Data link layer, layer 2 in the tcpipbased layered network, layer 2 is the data link layer. Examples of link layer protocols include ethernet, token ring, fddi, and ppp. The seven layers can be thought of as belonging to three subgroups. The data link layer takes the packet from the network layer and breaks it into frames. The data link layer is the protocol layer in a program that handles the moving of data in and out across a physical link in a network. When a packet is travelling in the internet, the data link layer of the node is responsible for delivering a datagram to the next. To see where the part of data link protocol lies, let us recall our 5layer reference model. Random access protocols when node has packet to send transmit at full channel data rate r. This layer is also responsible for logical mac addressing and llc processing, creating logical topologies, and controlling media access. They use start and stop bits, and variable gaps between characters.
Look at successive data link protocols of increasing complexity to provide realiable, in. The seven layers of osi model their protocols and functions. In this lesson we examine the data link layer its services, the principles underlying its operation, and a number of important data link layer protocols. This module covers data link layer issues, such as local area networks lans and pointtopoint links, ethernet, and the pointtopoint protocol ppp. Data link layer mcqs computer networks objective questions. Huangs courses at gmu can make a single machinereadable copy and print a single copy of each slide for their own reference, so long as each slide contains the statement, and gmu.
The data link layer is also called as the layer 2 of the osi model. A link isthe communication channels that connect two adjacent hosts or routers. Datalink frames, as these protocol data units are called, do not cross the boundaries of a local network. Internetwork routing and global addressing are higher layer functions, allowing data link protocols to focus on local. Like the two other wan protocols mentioned in this article, hdlc is a layer 2 protocol see osi model for more information on layers. We learn that the basic service of the data link layer is to move a network layer datagram from one node host or router to an adjacent node. Protocol data units of the space data link protocols. The allen bradley data highway plus uses the three layers of the open systems interconnection osi layer model, namely, hardware, data link layer protocol, and application layer. Data link layer data link layer protocols create, transmit, and receive packets. Data link layer 2 the data link layer takes the packet from the network layer and breaks it into frames. Pdf implementation of data link control protocols in. The physical layer provides only a raw bitstream service between computers. When a data frame layer 2 data is sent from one host to another over a single medium, it is required that the sender and receiver should work at the same speed. The data link layer is layer 2 in the sevenlayer osi model of computer networking.
Data link frames, as these protocol data units are called, do not cross the boundaries of a local network. Internetwork routing and global addressing are higherlayer functions, allowing datalink protocols to focus on local delivery, addressing. Physical layer also defines the way in which the data flows between the two connected devices. Layers 5,6 and 7 can be are thought of as the user support. The remote network layer peer should receive the identical message generated by the sender e. Dlc layer with control bits in front and in back of the packet. It makes sure the appropriate physical protocol is assigned to the data.
The data link layer provides services to the network layer. Needed when ip datagram size link layer mtu ipv4 performed by the router meeting the problem ipv6 performed by the source router only defragmentation by destination host 2015. The simplex protocol is hypothetical protocol designed for unidirectional data transmission over an ideal channel, i. The data link layer is layer 2 in the open systems interconnect osi model for a set of telecommunication protocols. Internetwork routing and global addressing are higher layer functions, allowing data link protocols to focus on local delivery, addressing. Data link layer silvia giordano ica, epfl the datalink layeris responsible for transferring a datagram across an individual link. The data link layer protocols are ethernet, token ring, fddi and ppp. Data link protocols play a vital role in the drive toward open systems interconnection osi. Different types of data link layer dll protocols with. In this paper we integrate the energy models of all the components of the data link layer of a wireless sensor network into a single framework, which interacts with the. In this paper we integrate the energy models of all the components of the data link layer of a wireless sensor network into a single framework, which interacts with the abstracted models of the. The data link layer, or layer 2, is the second layer of the sevenlayer osi model of computer networking. It provides the functional and procedural means to transfer data between network and its nodes.